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121

NATO adopted Ankara declaration with €70 billion Ukraine pledge for 2026 and new alliance procurement commitments

NATO leaders adopted the Ankara Summit Declaration on 8 July 2026, formalising €70 billion in military support for Ukraine in 2026, stating an intent to sustain at least equivalent support in 2027, and pairing that with more than $50 billion in new alliance procurements and broader defence-industrial commitments.

122

EU chemical-weapons sanctions on six Russians over Navalny case entered into force on 3 July

As of 10 July 2026, the EU’s 3 July chemical-weapons sanctions on six Russian individuals in the Alexei Navalny case remained in force, imposing asset freezes, funding prohibitions and travel bans under the bloc’s chemical-weapons regime.

123

EU chemical-weapons sanctions on six Russians over Navalny-linked epibatidine findings remained in force

As of 9 July 2026, EU chemical-weapons sanctions imposed on 3 July against six Russian individuals remained in force after the bloc said epibatidine was confirmed in samples taken from Alexei Navalny after his death and that poisoning with the toxin was highly likely to have caused his death.

124

European Commission launched an EU AI-cybersecurity action plan under existing law

On 7 July 2026, the European Commission launched an implementation-focused action plan that linked advanced-AI oversight, secure-access arrangements and cyber testing capacity to the EU’s existing AI and cybersecurity framework rather than creating a new standalone law.

125

EU added six Russian individuals to its chemical-weapons sanctions regime over Alexei Navalny’s poisoning and death

On 3 July 2026, the EU added six Russian individuals to its chemical-weapons sanctions regime, saying epibatidine found in samples taken after Alexei Navalny’s death made poisoning the highly likely cause and linking those listed to chemical-weapons development.

126

NATO summit forum set out a broader co-production and joint-procurement push for transatlantic defence industry

At NATO's Defence Industry Forum in Ankara on 7 July, allies announced new multinational procurement groupings and a plan to produce key U.S. defence capabilities in Europe, making the alliance-wide industrial push the main development behind separate reports of U.S.-Europe missile co-production talks.

127

European Commission launched an EU action plan tying advanced AI oversight to cybersecurity implementation

On 7 July 2026, the European Commission launched an action plan that linked advanced-AI evaluation, controlled access arrangements and secure testing to the EU’s existing cybersecurity and resilience rules, with implementation work still to be developed rather than imposed as a new standalone law.

128

NATO summit in Ankara shifted the alliance’s 2035 defence-spending pledge into annual implementation plans and procurement delivery

As NATO leaders met in Ankara on 7-8 July 2026, the immediate issue was enforcement of the alliance’s 2025 commitment to spend 5% of GDP on defence and security by 2035, with Secretary General Mark Rutte pressing allies to table credible annual plans and NATO pairing that pressure with new joint procurement and co-production announcements.

129

NATO's Ankara summit opened as allies were pressed to submit credible plans for the 5% defence-spending commitment by 2035

On 6 July, ahead of NATO's 7-8 July summit in Ankara, Secretary General Mark Rutte pressed allies to arrive with clear and credible national plans to implement the alliance's 2025 commitment to spend 5% of GDP on defence by 2035.

130

EU chemical-weapons sanctions on six Russians over the Navalny case took effect on 3 July

The EU’s 3 July 2026 decision to sanction six Russian individuals under its chemical-weapons regime over the Navalny case entered into force the same day, imposing asset freezes, a ban on making funds or economic resources available to them, and EU travel bans.

131

EU ended the low-value customs duty exemption and began a temporary €3 charge on low-value imports

From 1 July 2026, the EU removed the customs duty exemption for consignments valued at €150 or less and began applying a temporary fixed €3 customs duty under Council Regulation (EU) 2026/382 while it prepares the Customs Data Hub.

132

EU chemical-weapons sanctions on six Russians took effect over Navalny case

On 3 July 2026, the EU put six Russian individuals under its chemical-weapons sanctions regime over alleged involvement in the poisoning and death of Alexei Navalny, with the listings taking effect upon publication in the Official Journal that day.

133

Netherlands sent an international AI strategy to parliament, aligning external AI policy with European capacity and reduced dependencies

On 3 July 2026, the Dutch government sent an international AI strategy to parliament that framed AI as a geopolitical and economic-security issue and aligned Dutch external policy with stronger European capacity, lower dependence on non-European providers and coordination with partners.

134

NATO’s 7-8 July Ankara summit became the next formal decision point on Article 5, defence investment and Ukraine support

NATO confirmed that its Ankara summit will take place on 7-8 July 2026, while reported draft language on Article 5 and multi-year military support for Ukraine remained pending leader-level adoption.

135

Netherlands launched an international AI strategy centred on European capacity and reduced strategic dependencies

On 3 July 2026, the Dutch government launched and sent to parliament an international AI strategy that treats AI as a geopolitical issue and sets an external policy framework around European competitiveness, reduced high-risk dependencies and coordination with like-minded partners.

136

EU chemical-weapons sanctions on six Russians over Navalny findings entered into force on 3 July

The EU on 3 July 2026 sanctioned six Russian individuals under its chemical-weapons regime over its stated findings on Alexei Navalny’s poisoning and death, and the restrictions took legal effect immediately upon publication in the Official Journal.

137

EU began applying interim €3 customs duty on low-value imports from 1 July

As of 1 July 2026, the EU has been applying a temporary €3 customs duty to low-value consignments of up to €150 imported from outside the bloc, ending the previous duty exemption and putting an interim regime in place until 1 July 2028 unless extended.

138

French appeals court was set to rule on Marine Le Pen's eligibility on 7 July

As of 3 July 2026, France's Paris Court of Appeal was due to rule on 7 July on Marine Le Pen's appeal against her March 2025 embezzlement conviction and ineligibility sentence, a decision that could determine whether she can contest the 2027 presidential election.

139

UK implemented a tighter post-safeguard steel import regime from 1 July

The UK’s replacement steel trade measure took effect on 1 July 2026, ending the prior safeguard regime and imposing lower tariff-free quotas with a 50% duty on in-scope imports above quota, with transitional contract exemptions and HMRC administration now governing implementation.

140

EU began applying temporary €3 duties on low-value imports from outside the bloc

From 1 July 2026, the EU began applying a temporary €3 customs duty on low-value consignments from outside the bloc, ending the previous duty exemption for shipments valued at up to €150 as an interim step before the next customs-reform stage in 2028.

141

EU Chips Act 2.0 push remained the operative response as a new survey underscored persistent semiconductor dependencies

As of 3 July 2026, the European Commission’s 3 June Chips Act 2.0 proposal remained the central EU response to semiconductor dependence, while a new EU-funded survey reinforced that exposure to export controls, US-origin technology and China-linked supply risks was still unresolved.

142

EU temporary €3 duty on low-value imports took effect on 1 July under customs reform

The EU's temporary flat €3 customs duty entered into force on 1 July 2026 for low-value consignments of up to €150 arriving from outside the bloc, as an interim step within the wider customs reform.

143

European Commission’s Chips Act 2.0 push gained support as a July 2 report underscored EU semiconductor dependence

The European Commission’s June 3, 2026 Chips Act 2.0 proposal remained the operative development as a July 2 EU-funded report reinforced that Europe’s chip sector is still exposed to Chinese-controlled inputs, US technology dependence and domestic industrial weaknesses.

144

EU formalised a one-year renewal of its Russia sectoral sanctions through 31 July 2027

The EU Council on 25 June 2026 renewed its sectoral economic sanctions on Russia for 12 months until 31 July 2027, implementing leaders’ 18-19 June agreement and keeping the bloc’s core trade, finance, energy, technology and anti-circumvention restrictions in force.